Long-term use of low-dose aspirin may reduce the risk for dementia in women with type 2 diabetes, according to a study published online in Diabetes Care.

Chisa Matsumoto, M.D., Ph.D., from the Hyogo College of Medicine in Nishinomiya, Japan, and colleagues used follow-up data from the Japanese Primary Prevention of Atherosclerosis with Aspirin for Diabetes study (2002 to 2017) to evaluate the efficacy of long-term use of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of dementia in 2,536 patients with diabetes.

Among the originally enrolled patients, 2,121 (84 percent) retained their original allocation. During a median follow-up of 11.4 years, 128 patients developed dementia. The researchers found that after adjusting for age, sex, and other established risk factors, there was no overall effect for low-dose aspirin on the prevention of dementia (hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 0.58 to 1.16). However, there was a significant reduction noted in dementia risk for women (HR, 0.58; 95 percent CI, 0.36 to 0.95); this reduction was not seen among men (HR, 1.27; 95 percent CI, 0.75 to 2.13; Pinteraction = 0.03).

"These findings should be further validated by studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods, including genetic and sociocultural evaluation of the participants," the authors write.

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